尚启航

　　动词不定式的用法　　不定式结构作主语　　1、不定式前置　　1) Derive mineral resources from sedimentary rock is a major modern industrial activity.　　2) in the matriculation for postgraduate in a short time is realy a hard nut.　　 To make high scores To make low goal To the high scores Make the low goals　　2、上述形式一般情况不多见，作为考试的规范英语，如果不定式较长，显得头重脚轻,则可由代词“it”作形式主语(形式主语“it”不能由“that”或“this”等其他代词代替)，而将不定式放到后面　　It is really a hard nut to get high scores in the matriculation for postgraduate in a short time.　　3) John admitted that it's always difficult.　　 for him being on time being on time for him　　 for him to be on time on time for him　　4) It is difficult for me to be concentrating while someone is using a vacuum cleaner.　　3、不定式后置的情况不仅限于动词是系动词，也适用于其他动词　　It took us a great deal of efforts to finish that task.　　It made him extremely happy to get contact with his family in Taiwan since they separated more than 40 years ago.　　4、不定式结构所表示的动作是谁做的，即不定式的逻辑主语，通常可以在特定的上下文中能...

　　不定式作宾语　　不定式作宾语有两种：一种是及物动词后直接跟带to的不定式;另一种是“动词+疑问词+带to的不定式”　　1、动词+带to的不定式结构　　只能跟动词不定式的动词，常见的有：afford，agree，aim，appear，arrange，ask，believe，care，claim，decide，decline(拒绝)，demand，desire，determine，endeavor，expect，fail，hesitate，hope，intend，learn，long，manage，mean(想要)，offer(表示愿意做…)，pretend，promise，refuse，seek(试图)，swear，undertake，wish(想要)等。　　5) We refuse that there are insufficient funds in the great vaults(银行保管库)of this nation.　　 to believe to be belived　　 beliving have belived　　6) The green turtle has been known over 2,000 miles to return to a nesting site.　　 in the navigating the navigation to navigate navigation　　7) For the first time Venusian scientists managed landing a satellite on the planet Earth, and it has been sending back signals as well as photographs ever since.　　8) The day is past when Chinese universities and colleges to give high school diplomas to all who sit through four years of instruction, regardless of whether an...

　　动词+疑问代(副)词+不定式这类动词　　常见的有：advise,decide, discuss, find out, forget, inquire, know, learn, regard, remember, see, settle, teach, tell, think(=consider), understand, wonder等。这些疑问代(副)词有what, when, where, which, how, whether等,但不包括why,如：　　He does not know how to go there　　when to speak before strangers.　　who(m) to visit.　　which one to choose.　　You can decide whether to go forward or stay here.　　when to see a doctor.　　I will show you what to do.　　where to go.　　how to deal with it.　　其中,1)和2)中不定式的逻辑主语仍是句子的主语,分别为He和You;而3)中不定式的逻辑主语则不是句子的主语I,而是宾语you.　　9) The director of this organization must know .　　 to manage money, sell his product and beable to satisfy stockholders　　 managing money, selling, and be able to satisfy the stockholders　　 how to manage money, sell his product, and satisfy the stockholders　　 money management, selling and being able to satisfy the stockholders　　10) To tell you the truth, I really don't know how deal with a man l...

　　3、有时，不定式跟作主语时一样，可由it来代替，而把不定式放到后面去He makes it a rule to take a walk before breakfast.　　I think it interesting to play football while it is snowing hard.　　We find it difficult to get everything ready before the time you require.　　She cosiders it important to make friends with them.　　I don't think it necessary to argue with them on this problem.　　4、有时THERE和TO BE连用表示“有”或“存在(某情况)”等　　It is impossible for there to be any more.　　Would you like there to be a meeting to discuss the problem?　　I expect there to be no argument about this?　　有时在个别的介词后可用“疑问词+不定式结构”作其宾语　　He has his own decision of how to do it. ...

　　不定式作表语　　1、一种情况为主语是不定式(表示条件)，表语也是不定式(表示结果)　　To see is to believe/ To work means to earn a living.　　2、另一种情况主语是以aim, duty, hope, idea, happiness, job, plan, problem, purpose, thing, wish等为中心的名词,或以what引导的名词性从句，不定式表语对主语起补充说明作用　　His wish is to buy a luxurious car in the near future. / The boss's plan is to start building the skycraper immediately. / What I want to say is to get rid of the plan forever.　　11) The function of Louis Sullivan's architecture was providing large uninterrupted floor areas and to allow ample light into the interior .　　12) The most important thing is negociate with them about the future of the plant.　　3、因为不定式所修饰的名词是不定式的宾语，所以如果不定式动词是不及物动词，那么就要在动词后加上相应的介词He has a lot of trifles to deal with./ I had got no place to live in./That girl has nothing to worry about./the subject to concentrate on. / He has a strict teacher to listen to. / She has four children to look after. / She had a sick mother to live wit...

　不定式作状语　　注意作状语的动词不定式要与其逻辑主语在意义上和数上的一致。　　1、表示目的　　22) its plans to promote disarmaments,the party has decided to establish a campaign headquarters with Benjamin Seaman as its leader.　　AlthoughTo carry outExcept that Make　　23) pure lead,the lead ore is mined,then smelted,and finally refined.　　 Obtaining Being obtained To obtain It is obtained　　24) When they met,Leonardo and his enemy were fighting.　　killed each otherkilling each otherto be killed each other　　to kill each other　　表示原因　　It's very kind of you to say so. / I am pretty pleased to hear the news that you are elected as the president of the club. / I'm sorry to interrupt you. / They are quite surprised to see the great changes taking place in the area. ...

　伴随状况　　在下列表示能力、愿望、倾向等语义的形容词后边也要接不定式：able(但其同义词“ capable”后面要接“of+动名词”),anxious, eager, glad, inclined(倾向于),liable, likely, pleased, ready等。　　25) Certain minerals are magnetic and are able to detected by instruments that measure differences in the Earth's magnetic fields ....

在复合结构中的不定式　　不定式的复合结构是指有些动词带宾语后再带上不定式，作宾语的补足语。前边已提到过，在这种结构中宾语是不定式的逻辑主语。　　1、有很多这样的动词可以跟宾语及其(或)补足语不定式,如：advise, allow, ask, enable, beg, cause, drive, encourage, expect, forbid, force, hate, get , intend, invite, like, permit, persuade, pretend, remind, say, teach, tell, trust, urge, want, warn等表示“致使”等意义　　26) The company manager may enable the men who tend the machines a large panorama(全景)of possibilites.　　 to see see seeing seen　　27) Did you intend us the new method?　　 to use using our having used the using of　　28) The teacher encouraged good compositions.　　 us write us writing us to write our wrting　　2、在某些成语动词如 arrange for, call on, care for, count on, count upon, depend upon, long for, prepare for, prevail upon, rely on, vote for, wait for等后面，也可以跟宾语加不定式的复合结构　　We are waiting for the bus to come./ They voted for Wang Gang to be the monitor. / Don't count on me to do that.　　3、另外，表示感觉的动词 see, hear, feel, watch, notice, observe和have, ...